Our Project

Rural electric cooperatives across the United States are experiencing rapid growth in electricity demand as data centers, manufacturing facilities, and expanding residential development move into areas that historically saw slow or stable growth. While these changes create economic opportunities, they also place new pressures on co-ops to manage infrastructure constraints, rising costs, and community concerns—while maintaining reliable and affordable electricity.

This three-year research project examines how rural electric cooperatives and their partners are responding to these challenges through infrastructure investment, demand management, governance, and collaboration.



Load Patterns

Identify where electricity demand is growing in rural co-op service areas and the local factors driving change.

Co-op Strategies

Document how cooperatives manage rising demand through infrastructure, programs, and rate design.

Decision Making

Examine how priorities, constraints, and system dynamics shape strategy choices across co-ops.

Governance

Analyze how coordination, institutions, and stakeholder relationships influence load growth planning.

Approach & Deliverables

Our Questions

Where is demand growing? What parts of rural co-op service areas are seeing the fastest increases, and what local factors are driving change?

How are co-ops responding? What strategies are being used—such as infrastructure upgrades, programs, and rate design?

Why these strategies? How do priorities, preferences, constraints, and risk shape which options co-ops choose?

What enables coordination? What governance and coordination approaches support effective planning and community responsiveness?

Project Outputs

Interactive maps showing patterns of electricity load and generation growth

Strategy atlas documenting how co-ops are managing rising demand across contexts

Coding dictionary linking governance and coordination concepts to real-world load growth planning cases

Playbooks and briefs designed for utility staff, policymakers, and partners

Academic research including publications in public policy, energy, and planning journals

Project Team

Principal investigators leading this project.

Graham Ambrose

Principal Investigator
Assistant Professor, NC State University

Graham Ambrse will co-lead Themes 2–4 leading the project’s research design, synthesis across themes, and output integration across themes.

He is a public administration scholar focusing on the fields of collaborative governance and policy process with an expertise and interest in energy and local food governance. This focus is aided by skills in advanced network analysis, computational text mining, and natural language processing. In addition to these computational skills, I have also designed and administered survey and interview research projects, positioning myself as a competent mixed methods researcher.

Scholar Website

Serena Kim

Co-Principal Investigator
Assistant Professor, NC State University

Serena Kim co-leads the project with direct co-leadership on Themes 1 and 4, focusing on geospatial data integration, machine-assisted analysis of planning documents, and the development of reproducible data products for practitioners.

Serena is an Assistant Professor in the School of Public and International Affairs at NC State University. Her research examines the social, spatial, and policy dimensions of distributed energy resources, including rooftop solar and EV charging infrastructure. She also develops software and models that integrate multimodal data with machine learning to support infrastructure resilience and data-informed energy policy.

Website

Gabe Chan

Co-Principal Investigator
Associate Professor, University of Minnesota
Co-Director, Electric Cooperative Innovation Center

Gabe Chan co-leads Themes 2 and 3 and facilitate co-op engagement, bring years of electric cooperatives research experience to the team. His portfolio includes work energy innovation planning, an integrated planning, resource innovation initiatives among others.

He is an associate professor at the University of Minnesota's Humphrey School of Public Affairs in the Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (STEP) area. In his research and engagement, Gabe seeks to support policy and institutions for a more rapid and equitable energy transition in domains such as distributed energy resource deployment, consumer-owned electric utilities, community solar, and innovation. Gabe is the Co-Director of the Center for Science Technology, and Environmental Policy and the Electric Cooperative Innovation Center.

Scholar Website Electric Cooperative Innovation Center Website

Matthew Grimley

Co-Principal Investigator
Senior Research Associate, University of Minnesota
Lead Researcher, Electric Cooperative Innovation Center

Matthew Grimley will co-lead Themes 2 and 3, bring nearly a decade of experience in energy policy in a variety of projects and capacities.

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Website

Lakin Garth

Co-Principal Investigator
Senior Director, Grid Strategies Smart Electric Power Association

Lakin Garth will facilitate Themes 1 and 3 while co-leading dissemination efforts to practitioners. He and SEPA are vital conduits for dissemination or project results to their industry partners.

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Website

Contacts

For questions about the project, please reach out to:

Graham Ambrose

gwambros at ncsu dot edu

Serena Kim

serena_kim at ncsu dot edu